You could read the passed route state into local component state and issue a redirect without state to the current path to clear out the state. This would prevent any back navigations to the page to retain any route state.
Example:
const Component = () => {
const location = useLocation();
const navigate = useNavigate();
const [state] = useState(location.state || {}); // <-- cache state locally
useEffect(() => {
navigate(".", { replace: true }); // <-- redirect to current path w/o state
}, [navigate]);
return ( ... );
};